Russia has completely blocked WhatsApp, owned by Meta Platforms, citing the company’s failure to comply with local laws. Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov confirmed the decision, urging citizens to switch to MAX, a state-backed messaging application described by officials as a national alternative.
The ban follows months of mounting pressure on Meta, which has already been designated an extremist organization in Russia. Authorities accuse WhatsApp of failing to cooperate with law enforcement in fraud and terrorism investigations and of not maintaining a local representative office as required under Russian law. Some WhatsApp-related domain names have reportedly been removed from the national register, limiting access within the country unless users rely on virtual private networks.
The move reflects Russia’s broader strategy to establish what officials describe as a sovereign communications infrastructure, reducing reliance on foreign technology platforms. Critics argue that MAX could function as a surveillance tool, though Russian authorities deny such claims and say the app integrates government services to simplify daily life for citizens.
Public reaction in Moscow has been mixed. Some residents expressed concern about restrictions on communication choices, while others indicated they would switch to alternative platforms. Activists briefly staged a symbolic protest against the communications regulator Roskomnadzor, calling for an unregulated internet.
The full block of WhatsApp marks a significant escalation in Russia’s digital policy, as authorities continue tightening control over online platforms during ongoing geopolitical tensions.
